![]() When a connection and a connection has already ESTABLISHED state relations, it is considered RELATED of the. ![]() RELATED: RELATED is a troublesome condition. ICMP redirect errors and other information packets also seen as ESTABLISHED, as long as they are answering the information we sent. Becomes a connection from the NEW ESTABLISHED, just received a reply packet can be, regardless of whether the packet is sent to the firewall, or to be forwarded by the firewall. Just send and receive a response, the connection is ESTABLISHED of. Connections in the ESTABLISHED state is very easy to understand. For example, we see a SYN packet is the first packet we pay attention to the connection, it is necessary to match it.ĮSTABLISHED: ESTABLISHED state has seen traffic in both directions, and will continue to match those packets. Meaning that the conntrack module first packet to see a connection, it will be matched. NEW: NEW Description This package is the first packet that we see. Below, we set forth the characteristics of the four states, respectively. Iptables on a total of four states, are called NEW, ESTABLISHED, INVALID, RELATED, four states are valid for TCP, UDP, ICMP three protocols. Stateful firewall firewall safer than non-state, because it allows us to write much tighter rule. Iptables state machine is part of the more specific, and one of which is iptables a relatively large difference in older ipchains running state machine (connection tracking) state with a firewall mechanism called a firewall, hereinafter referred to as the state firewall.
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